Rent Abroad

Deposit: Typically 2 months rent (max 2 by law). Returned at lease end.

Agency: 1 month rent + VAT (23%). Paid by tenant.

Guarantor: Not standard. Some landlords request for non-residents.

Standard lease: 12 months, 4 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months deposit + Agency fee (1 month)

Deposit: 1 month legally mandated (fianza). Most landlords ask 2.

Agency: Since Ley 12/2023 (26 May 2023) the landlord pays agency and contract-formalisation costs for housing leases; refuse any tenant fee demand.

Guarantor: Aval bancario (bank guarantee) sometimes requested from non-residents.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months deposit (1 legal fianza + 1 additional guarantee, typical) + No agency fee (landlord pays since Ley 12/2023)

Deposit: Max 1 month (unfurnished) or 2 months (furnished) by law.

Agency: Capped by law: max €12/m² for viewing/documents. Split tenant/landlord.

Guarantor: Not a legal requirement, but most landlords ask for a garant; non-residents use Visale (free state guarantee) or a bank guarantee.

Standard lease: 36 months, 3 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 1 month deposit + Agency fee (~0.5 month)

Deposit: Typically 2-3 months (cauzione); legal cap 3 months (Law 392/1978 art. 11), with annual legal interest due to the tenant.

Agency: 1 month rent + 22% VAT. Paid by tenant.

Guarantor: Not standard but some landlords request for foreigners.

Standard lease: 48 months, 6 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 3 months deposit + Agency fee

Deposit: 5% of annual rent (unfurnished, ≈0.6 months) or 10% if furnished — a market norm; Dubai Law 26/2007 requires the deposit to be refundable but sets no percentage.

Agency: 5% of annual rent. Paid by tenant.

Guarantor: No guarantor. But landlords require post-dated cheques (1, 4, 6, or 12).

Standard lease: 12 months, 3 months notice

First month total: First cheque (1-12 months) + 5% deposit + 5% agency fee + DEWA connection ~AED 2,000 + Ejari registration AED 220

Deposit: Typically 2 months. Landlords covered by the OCPB controlled-contract rules (from 4 September 2025) may take at most 3 months of advance rent plus deposit combined, refundable within 7 days if no damage.

Agency: Landlord pays agent. No tenant fee in most cases.

Guarantor: Not required.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months deposit

Deposit: 1 month deposit typical. Some landlords ask 2.

Agency: 1 month rent. Can be higher in tourist areas.

Guarantor: Mexican guarantor (fiador) with property often required. Non-residents: extra deposit instead.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 1 month deposit + Agency fee + Aval/guarantor fee if applicable

Deposit: Leases typically paid upfront (6 months or 1 year). No separate deposit.

Agency: Landlord pays agent in most villa rentals.

Guarantor: Not required.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: Full year rent upfront (standard) + Or 6 months minimum

Deposit: 2 months standard. Often negotiable to 1 month for longer leases.

Agency: 1 month rent, typically paid by tenant.

Guarantor: Not standard. Landlords may request employer letter for non-EU tenants.

Standard lease: 36 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months deposit + Agency fee (1 month)

Deposit: Maximum 3 months cold rent (Kaltmiete) by law (§551 BGB). Must be held in separate deposit account (Kautionskonto). Can be paid in 3 installments.

Agency: Bestellerprinzip since 2015 — whoever commissions the agent pays. For rentals, this means the LANDLORD pays. Tenant pays zero agent fee.

Guarantor: Mietschuldenfreiheitsbescheinigung (rent-free debt certificate from previous landlord) often required. For foreigners: employer guarantee letter or Bürgschaft from German resident. Some landlords accept 6 months prepaid rent instead.

Standard lease: Indefinite (unbefristet), 3 months notice

First month total: First month rent (Warmmiete) + First deposit instalment (the 3-month Kaltmiete deposit may be paid in 3 instalments, §551 BGB) + No agency fee (landlord pays)

Deposit: Legal maximum 2 months' basic rent since 1 July 2023 (Wet goed verhuurderschap); 1-2 months is the norm.

Agency: A landlord's broker may not charge the tenant any fee (Rijksoverheid); only a broker you commission yourself can charge. Direct listings on Pararius and Funda.

Guarantor: Employer letter and last 3 payslips typically required. International companies often provide corporate guarantees.

Standard lease: Indefinite (unbefristet), 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months deposit (legal maximum) + No agency fee unless you hired the broker

Deposit: 1 month standard. Refundable at lease end minus damages.

Agency: 1 month rent if using agent. Many direct rentals available (no fee).

Guarantor: Not standard for foreigners. Landlords may request 2-3 months advance rent instead.

Standard lease: 36 months, 3 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 1 month deposit + Agency fee (1 month, if applicable)

Deposit: No traditional deposit. Instead, fiador (guarantor with property) or póliza de arrendamiento (insurance policy, ~40% of monthly rent) is required.

Agency: No agency fee for tenants. Landlord pays commission.

Guarantor: Not mandated by Ley 820, but landlords almost always require a Colombian fiador with property or an arrendamiento insurance policy (~40% of a month's rent, paid annually); foreigners use the policy. Cash deposits are prohibited.

Standard lease: 12 months, 3 months notice

First month total: First month rent + Arrendamiento insurance (40% of monthly rent) + No deposit, no agency fee

Deposit: Shikikin (敷金): 1-2 months refundable deposit. Reikin (礼金): 0-2 months non-refundable 'key money' (gift to landlord). Total upfront: 3-6 months rent.

Agency: Chukai tesuryo (仲介手数料): 1 month rent + 10% consumption tax. Legally capped at 1 month.

Guarantor: Guarantor company (保証会社 hoshō gaisha) required for almost all rentals. Cost: 50-100% of first month rent upfront + renewal fee. This replaces personal guarantor for foreigners.

Standard lease: 24 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + Shikikin 1-2 months + Reikin 0-1 month + Agency fee 1 month + Guarantor company fee (50-100% monthly rent) + Fire insurance (¥15,000-20,000)

Deposit: 1 month typical; the Code of Obligations (art. 342) caps residential deposits at 3 months, to be held at a bank.

Agency: 1 month rent commission (komisyon). Paid by tenant. Some direct-from-owner listings on Sahibinden.com avoid fee.

Guarantor: Not standard. Landlords may request proof of income or employment contract. Foreigners with residence permit generally accepted.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 1 month deposit + Agency fee (1 month)

Deposit: 2 months security deposit + 0.5 month utility deposit standard. Required by convention, not statute.

Agency: Landlord pays agent commission (typically 1 month rent). Tenant pays zero agency fee.

Guarantor: Not required. Foreigners with valid visa/work permit accepted. Some landlords request employer letter.

Standard lease: 12 months, 2 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months security deposit + 0.5 month utility deposit + No agency fee (landlord pays)

Deposit: 2 months for 2-year lease, 1 month for 1-year lease. Held by landlord, returned at end minus damages/cleaning.

Agency: Customary: 1 month rent for a 2-year lease, 0.5 month for 1 year, when you use your own agent — CEA prescribes no commission; negotiate. Landlord pays their own agent.

Guarantor: Not required. Landlords verify employment pass/work permit validity. Corporate leases common for expats.

Standard lease: 24 months, 2 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 2 months security deposit + Agent fee (1 month for 2-year lease) + Stamp duty (~0.4% of total rent)

Deposit: 1 month security deposit standard. Refundable at lease end. Some premium buildings request 2 months.

Agency: 1 month rent typical. Paid by tenant. Many direct-from-owner listings in expat areas (Encuentra24.com).

Guarantor: Not required for foreigners. Landlords may request passport copy and proof of income. Pensionado visa holders readily accepted.

Standard lease: 12 months, 1 months notice

First month total: First month rent + 1 month deposit + Agency fee (1 month, if applicable)