Complete Guide to Moving to Georgia in 2026

Tbilisi has a way of blindsiding you. You arrive expecting a post-Soviet backwater and instead find a city where sulfur baths steam beneath a medieval fortress, Art Nouveau facades line cobblestone streets, natural wine bars outnumber chain restaurants, and a one-bedroom apartment in the city center costs $350 a month. The food alone — khachapuri, khinkali, pkhali, churchkhela — would be reason enough to stay. But then you learn about the tax situation, and suddenly everything clicks into place.

Georgia has been quietly building one of the most compelling cases for relocation anywhere in the world. It is not competing with Portugal or Thailand on lifestyle alone — it is offering a structural advantage that almost no other country can match. One year visa-free for most nationalities. A 1% tax rate for small businesses. Fast internet. Incredible safety. A rapidly modernizing infrastructure backed by EU aspirations. And a cost of living that makes Southeast Asia look expensive by comparison.

But Georgia is not for everyone. The language uses a unique alphabet that looks nothing like Latin, Cyrillic, or Arabic. The country is small (3.7 million people) and still developing. Russian influence looms across the border, and 20% of Georgian territory remains under Russian occupation. Winters in Tbilisi are gray and cold. And outside the capital, English proficiency drops sharply. This guide covers all of it — the practical, data-backed details that most relocation guides skip.

At WhereNext, we score every country across seven data-driven dimensions using institutional sources. You can explore the full Georgia country profile for real-time data, or keep reading for the comprehensive breakdown.

Why People Move to Georgia

Georgia attracts a very specific kind of expat: someone who wants maximum freedom with minimum bureaucracy. The country checks boxes that no other single destination can match — the combination of visa freedom, ultra-low taxes, and affordable living is genuinely unique. Understanding why people choose it over more mainstream destinations frames everything else in this guide.

Visa freedom is the foundation of everything. Georgia allows citizens of more than 95 countries — including the US, Canada, all EU/EEA nations, the UK, Australia, Japan, and most of Latin America — to enter and stay for one full year without any visa at all. No application process. No fees. No income requirements. No health insurance mandate. You fly in, get your passport stamped, and you are legal for 365 days. At the end of the year, you can do a quick border run (most people take a day trip to Armenia or Turkey) and restart the clock. This is not a loophole — it is the official, stated policy of the Georgian government.

The 1% tax rate is what turns casual visitors into long-term residents. Georgia’s Individual Entrepreneur (IE) status allows anyone — including foreigners — to register a small business and pay just 1% tax on gross revenue up to 500,000 Georgian Lari (approximately $185,000 USD). There is no VAT obligation below that threshold. No complex corporate structure required. The registration process takes about a day at the Public Service Hall in Tbilisi. For freelancers, consultants, and remote workers earning from foreign clients, this is one of the most favorable tax environments on Earth.

EU candidate status changes the long-term calculus. Georgia was granted EU candidate status in December 2023, joining a path that countries like Croatia (joined 2013) and Romania (joined 2007) have walked before. While full membership is likely a decade or more away, the candidacy signals regulatory alignment with European standards, improved infrastructure investment, and growing institutional credibility. For expats, it means Georgia is heading in a direction that makes long-term residency increasingly attractive — buying property or building a business now could look very prescient in ten years.

Safety is a genuine surprise for first-time visitors. Georgia is one of the safest countries in the broader region — significantly safer than many Western European capitals in terms of street crime. The police force was completely rebuilt after the 2003 Rose Revolution, and corruption at the street level was effectively eliminated. Violent crime rates are extremely low. Petty theft exists but is uncommon, especially by Tbilisi standards. Women report feeling safe walking alone at night in most neighborhoods.

The food and wine culture is world-class and deeply underappreciated. Georgia has one of the oldest winemaking traditions on Earth — archaeological evidence dates it to approximately 6000 BC. The traditional qvevri method (fermenting wine in clay vessels buried underground) is UNESCO-recognized. And the cuisine — cheese-filled bread (khachapuri), soup dumplings (khinkali), walnut paste dishes (pkhali), grilled meats (mtsvadi) — is rich, hearty, and unlike anything you have had elsewhere. A proper Georgian feast (supra) with a tamada (toastmaster) is one of the great culinary experiences on the planet.

Cost of Living

Georgia is one of the cheapest countries in the world that still offers a genuinely comfortable lifestyle. The cost of living in Tbilisi is roughly 65–75% lower than major US cities and 50–60% lower than Western European capitals. Here are real figures based on 2025–2026 data.

Rent

Rent is where Georgia truly shines. Tbilisi remains one of the cheapest capitals in Europe and Central Asia for housing.

• Tbilisi — city center: One-bedroom apartment: $300–$500/month. Two-bedroom: $450–$700/month. Modern, renovated apartments in Vake or Vera run toward the higher end. Unrenovated Soviet-era apartments in Saburtalo or Gldani can be found for $200–$350.
• Tbilisi — outer districts: One-bedroom: $200–$350/month. Neighborhoods like Dighomi, Varketili, or Isani offer significantly lower rents, though with fewer restaurants and cafes within walking distance.
• Batumi: One-bedroom: $250–$400/month (off-season). Summer rates spike 50–100% due to tourism. The new boulevard area has modern high-rises with sea views for $400–$600.
• Kutaisi: One-bedroom: $150–$250/month. Georgia’s second city is significantly cheaper but has fewer amenities and a smaller expat community.

Food and Groceries

• Groceries: $150–$250/month for one person. Local markets (bazaars) offer fresh produce at very low prices: tomatoes $0.50–$0.80/kg, bread $0.30–$0.50 per loaf, local cheese (sulguni) $3–$5/kg. Imported goods cost more.
• Dining out: A meal at a local restaurant (khachapuri + salad + drink) costs $4–$7. A full dinner at a mid-range restaurant runs $12–$20 per person. A proper supra feast with wine at a traditional restaurant: $15–$25.
• Coffee: Espresso at a cafe: $1.50–$2.50. Specialty coffee shops (Tbilisi has a thriving scene): $2.50–$4.
• Wine: A bottle of excellent Georgian wine at a shop: $3–$8. At a restaurant: $8–$15. This is a wine country — quality is high and prices are remarkably low.
• Beer: Local craft beer (Argo, Black Lion): $1.50–$3. Georgian craft beer is surprisingly good and growing rapidly.

Transportation

• Tbilisi metro: $0.20 per ride (0.50 GEL). Covers two lines through the main corridors of the city.
• Bus/marshrutka: $0.20–$0.40 per ride. Marshrutkas (minibuses) cover routes the metro does not.
• Bolt/Yandex taxi: A typical ride across Tbilisi costs $2–$5. Airport to city center: $8–$12.
• Intercity buses: Tbilisi to Batumi (5–6 hours): $8–$12. Tbilisi to Kutaisi (3–4 hours): $5–$7.
• Flights: Georgian Airways domestic flights (Tbilisi–Batumi): $30–$50 one-way.

Utilities and Internet

• Utilities: Electricity, gas, water, and heating for a one-bedroom apartment: $40–$80/month (higher in winter due to gas heating).
• Internet: Fiber internet (50–100 Mbps): $10–$20/month. Magti and Silknet are the major providers. 100+ Mbps is available in most Tbilisi neighborhoods.
• Mobile: Prepaid SIM with generous data (20–50 GB): $5–$10/month. Magti, Geocell, and Beeline are the main carriers.

Total Monthly Budgets

• Budget lifestyle (Tbilisi): $800–$1,000/month. Shared apartment, cooking at home mostly, local transport, dining out a few times a week.
• Comfortable lifestyle (Tbilisi): $1,200–$1,600/month. One-bedroom in a nice neighborhood, regular dining out, coworking membership, occasional weekend trips.
• Premium lifestyle (Tbilisi): $1,800–$2,500/month. Modern apartment in Vake, eating out frequently, gym membership, private healthcare, travel.

The cost comparison with Portugal is stark. Georgia is roughly 50–60% cheaper across nearly every category, with a dramatically more favorable tax and visa environment. Portugal wins on EU membership, English proficiency, and established expat infrastructure — but for pure value, Georgia is in a different league entirely.

Visa and Residency Options

Georgia’s immigration framework is one of the most liberal in the world. The government has deliberately positioned the country as open and accessible, and the visa policies reflect that philosophy. Here is a comprehensive breakdown of every major pathway.

Visa-Free Entry (1 Year)

Citizens of more than 95 countries can enter Georgia and stay for one continuous year without any visa. This is not a tourist visa — there is literally no visa involved. You arrive, your passport gets stamped, and you are authorized to remain for 365 days. The eligible countries include:

• All EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom
• United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand
• Japan, South Korea, Israel
• Most Latin American countries
• Gulf states (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait)

At the end of your year, you must leave Georgia (even briefly). Most expats do a “border run” to Armenia (2–3 hours from Tbilisi by car) or Turkey (a short flight to Trabzon or Istanbul), re-enter Georgia, and restart the 365-day clock. This is legal, widely practiced, and the Georgian border guards are accustomed to it.

Individual Entrepreneur (IE) Status

This is the status that makes Georgia uniquely attractive for freelancers and remote workers. Any foreigner with a passport (you do not even need a residence permit) can register as an Individual Entrepreneur at the Public Service Hall in Tbilisi. The process takes one day and costs approximately $10.

• Tax rate: 1% on gross revenue up to 500,000 GEL (~$185,000 USD/year)
• VAT: Not required below the 100,000 GEL threshold
• Banking: You can open a Georgian bank account (Bank of Georgia or TBC Bank) and receive international transfers
• Invoicing: You can invoice foreign clients through your IE and pay taxes quarterly
• Restrictions: IE status is for services only — not for trade, import/export, or regulated activities

Remotely from Georgia Program

Launched during COVID-19, the Remotely from Georgia program was one of the first digital nomad programs in the world. While the visa-free policy largely supersedes it (since most target nationalities already get one year visa-free), the program provides an official framework and community for remote workers. It requires proof of $2,000+/month income and health insurance, and provides access to networking events and coworking discounts.

Residence Permit

If you want to stay longer-term or establish a more permanent legal status, Georgia offers several residence permit categories:

• Work residence permit: Requires a Georgian employer or your own registered business. Valid for 1 year initially, renewable.
• Investment residence permit: Invest at least $300,000 in Georgian real estate or a Georgian business. Grants a residence permit for up to 5 years.
• Property-based short-term permit: Purchase property worth at least $100,000 for a 1-year renewable permit. This has become a popular option for expats buying apartments in Tbilisi.
• Family reunification: If your spouse or parent is a Georgian citizen or permanent resident.

Permanent Residency and Citizenship

After 6 years of continuous legal residence (with a temporary permit), you can apply for permanent residency. Georgian citizenship requires 10 years of continuous residence, knowledge of the Georgian language, Georgian history, and law, and passing a citizenship exam. Georgia does not permit dual citizenship as a general rule, though exceptions exist for exceptional contributions to the country.

Healthcare

Georgia’s healthcare system has undergone significant reform in the past decade. The government launched a Universal Healthcare Program in 2013 that provides basic coverage to all residents, including foreigners with legal status. However, the public system has limitations, and most expats supplement with private insurance.

Public Healthcare

• The Universal Healthcare Program covers basic outpatient and emergency services, with the government covering costs at designated facilities
• Waiting times can be long at public facilities, especially for specialist consultations
• Public hospitals vary significantly in quality — Tbilisi facilities are generally better than rural ones
• Pharmaceutical costs are low: most common medications cost $2–$10 at Georgian pharmacies, and many drugs that require prescriptions in the US/EU are available over the counter

Private Healthcare

• Private clinics in Tbilisi (Aversi Clinic, MediClub Georgia, New Hospitals) offer modern facilities, English-speaking doctors, and short wait times
• A doctor’s consultation at a private clinic: $15–$30
• Dental cleaning: $30–$50. Crown: $100–$200. Root canal: $60–$120. Georgia is becoming a medical tourism destination for dental work
• Private health insurance: $30–$80/month depending on age and coverage level. Companies like Aldagi and GPI offer comprehensive plans
• International insurance (SafetyWing, Cigna Global) is also widely used by expats: $70–$150/month

Medical Tourism

Georgia has been growing as a medical tourism destination, particularly for dental work, cosmetic procedures, and fertility treatments. Prices are typically 60–80% lower than in the US or Western Europe, with increasingly modern facilities. Tbilisi’s private hospitals meet international standards, and several facilities are pursuing JCI accreditation.

Where to Live in Georgia

Most expats live in Tbilisi. Batumi is the secondary choice, particularly for those who want a seaside lifestyle. Kutaisi and smaller towns attract a niche audience of adventurers and extreme-budget expats.

Tbilisi

Tbilisi is where 90%+ of expats live, and for good reason. It is a city of 1.1 million people that manages to feel both ancient and rapidly modernizing. The Old Town district, with its leaning balconied houses, sulfur baths (Abanotubani), and winding alleys, sits beneath the Narikala Fortress. But walk 20 minutes in any direction and you are in a modern neighborhood with fiber internet, third-wave coffee shops, and delivery apps.

Vake is the most popular expat neighborhood. Tree-lined boulevards, excellent restaurants, Vake Park (one of the largest urban parks in the Caucasus), and modern apartment buildings with reliable infrastructure. Rent for a one-bedroom here runs $400–$550/month. This is where most digital nomads and young professionals settle.

Vera is the bohemian-creative district. Narrower streets, independent galleries, wine bars, and a walkable atmosphere that feels almost Mediterranean. Slightly cheaper than Vake: $350–$500 for a one-bedroom. This is where artists, writers, and the creative-tech crowd tend to congregate.

Saburtalo is the practical choice. A large residential district with a metro station, abundant supermarkets, and a more local feel. Rent is $250–$400 for a one-bedroom. It lacks the charm of Vake or Old Town but offers good value and easy access to everything.

Old Town (Kala) is beautiful but less practical for long-term living. Many buildings are unrenovated, plumbing can be unreliable, and noise from restaurants and tourists is constant in summer. That said, some expats love the atmosphere and accept the trade-offs. A renovated apartment here runs $350–$500.

Marjanishvili/Aghmashenebeli is the up-and-coming area. The pedestrianized Aghmashenebeli Avenue has been beautifully restored, with cafes, restaurants, and a vibrant atmosphere. Rent is still reasonable at $300–$450 for a one-bedroom, and the neighborhood has a strong local identity.

Batumi

Batumi is Georgia’s Black Sea resort city, located in the Adjara region in the southwest. It has a subtropical climate (mild winters, warm summers), a modern skyline of glass-tower hotels, a long boulevard along the waterfront, and a strip of casinos that has earned it the nickname “the Las Vegas of the Caucasus.”

Batumi attracts a different crowd than Tbilisi: beach lovers, online poker players (the casinos attract a specific nomad subset), and people who want a more relaxed seaside vibe. The cost of living is similar to or slightly cheaper than Tbilisi, except during the summer tourist season when short-term rental prices spike. The expat community is smaller but growing, and the city has several coworking spaces and a startup incubator. The main downside is heavy rainfall — Batumi is one of the wettest cities in Europe, receiving over 2,500 mm of rain annually.

Kutaisi

Georgia’s second-largest city (population ~150,000) is significantly cheaper and quieter than Tbilisi. It is a small, walkable city with a rich history (it was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Colchis) and access to several UNESCO sites, including the Gelati Monastery and Motsameta. The Kutaisi airport has budget airline connections to Europe (Wizz Air). The expat community is tiny but exists. For someone on an extreme budget who does not need a big city, Kutaisi can work. Monthly costs can run as low as $500–$800.

Mestia and Mountain Towns

Svaneti, the mountainous region in Georgia’s northwest, is one of the most dramatic landscapes in Europe. Mestia, the regional center, is a small town (population ~2,500) surrounded by 5,000-meter peaks, medieval stone towers, and pristine skiing. A handful of adventurous expats have settled here, working remotely with satellite internet. It is not for everyone — winters are harsh, infrastructure is basic, and the nearest hospital is hours away — but for outdoor enthusiasts, it is paradise.

Safety and Security

Georgia is genuinely one of the safest countries in the region, and this is backed by data, not just anecdote. The country underwent a radical police reform after the 2003 Rose Revolution — the entire traffic police force was fired and replaced, and the new police are generally professional, non-corrupt, and competent.

• Violent crime: Very low. Tbilisi’s homicide rate is lower than most major European cities. Random violence against foreigners is extremely rare.
• Petty crime: Pickpocketing and bag theft occur occasionally in crowded tourist areas (Old Town, Dry Bridge Market), but at rates far lower than, say, Barcelona or Rome.
• Scams: Uncommon. The most common issue is taxi drivers overcharging tourists at the airport — use Bolt or Yandex Go instead of hailing cabs.
• Night safety: Tbilisi is generally safe at night, including for solo women in central neighborhoods. Exercise normal caution in less-lit areas.
• Drug laws: Georgia decriminalized personal cannabis use in 2018 following a Constitutional Court ruling. However, possession of other drugs carries strict penalties.
• Political protests: Georgia has an active civil society, and protests do occur (particularly around EU-related legislation). These are generally peaceful but can cause transportation disruption around Rustaveli Avenue.

Occupied territories: South Ossetia and Abkhazia are de facto controlled by Russian-backed separatist governments. Do not attempt to enter these regions from the Georgian side — the borders are heavily militarized. This situation does not affect daily life in Tbilisi, Batumi, or any other part of Georgia that expats live in.

The Digital Nomad Scene

Georgia — and Tbilisi specifically — has emerged as one of the top digital nomad destinations in the Caucasus/Eastern Europe region, and it is rapidly moving up the global rankings. The combination of the 1-year visa-free stay, 1% tax, and low cost of living is a magnet. The nomad community grew significantly after COVID, when the Remotely from Georgia program was launched. See our guide to the best countries for digital nomads for how Georgia stacks up globally.

Coworking Spaces

• Fabrika: The most iconic coworking/creative hub in Tbilisi. Located in a converted Soviet sewing factory in Marjanishvili, it combines a coworking space, hostel, courtyard bar, and food hall. Monthly coworking membership: $80–$120. This is the social center of the nomad community.
• Impact Hub Tbilisi: A more professional coworking space with meeting rooms, events, and a startup-oriented community. Located in Vake. Monthly: $100–$150.
• Terminal: Modern coworking space with fast internet, private offices, and a business-oriented atmosphere. Monthly: $120–$180.
• Loft Tbilisi: A creative coworking space near Rustaveli Avenue with a rooftop terrace. Monthly: $70–$100.
• Cafe culture: Many Tbilisi cafes are laptop-friendly with fast WiFi. Stamba Hotel lobby, Leila’s, and Prospero’s Books are popular work-from-cafe spots.

Internet Quality

Internet in Tbilisi is genuinely fast and reliable. Fiber connections of 50–200 Mbps are available in most neighborhoods for $10–$20/month. Mobile data (4G LTE, with 5G rolling out) is fast and cheap. Speed test averages in Tbilisi consistently show 70–120 Mbps download. For remote workers, this is more than adequate for video calls, large file transfers, and streaming.

Community

The expat and nomad community in Tbilisi is vibrant and growing. Facebook groups (Expats in Tbilisi, Digital Nomads Georgia) have thousands of active members. Regular meetups, pub quizzes, hiking groups, and language exchange events happen weekly. The community skews younger (25–40) and is heavily weighted toward freelancers, developers, crypto/Web3 workers, and online entrepreneurs. The Russian and Ukrainian expat community expanded significantly after 2022, adding another dimension to the international scene.

Taxes

Georgia’s tax system is one of its biggest draws. The headline is the 1% Individual Entrepreneur rate, but the broader tax framework is also competitive. Here is the full picture.

Individual Entrepreneur (IE) — 1% Tax

This is the status that brings most freelancers and remote workers to Georgia. As an IE, you pay:

• 1% tax on gross revenue up to 500,000 GEL per year (~$185,000 USD)
• No VAT obligation below 100,000 GEL revenue
• No social security contributions (voluntary only)
• Revenue above 500,000 GEL is taxed at 3%
• Registration is done at any Public Service Hall in about 1 day
• Quarterly tax filing through the Revenue Service website (rs.ge)

Important caveat: IE status is for service-based income only. If you sell physical products, trade goods, or operate certain regulated activities, you need a different structure. Also, if your home country taxes based on citizenship (as the US does), Georgia’s low tax rate does not eliminate your home-country tax obligation — but it does generate foreign tax credits that offset US liability, and the FEIE ($126,500 exclusion in 2026) covers most situations.

Personal Income Tax

If you are employed in Georgia (not using IE status), the personal income tax rate is a flat 20%. This applies to Georgian-source income. Social contributions add approximately 2% to the employee’s burden.

Corporate Tax

Georgia uses an Estonian-model corporate tax: companies pay 15% corporate tax only on distributed profits (dividends). Retained earnings that are reinvested in the business are not taxed. This is extremely favorable for growth-stage businesses. Effective rates for companies that reinvest most profits can be near 0%.

Free Industrial Zones

Georgia has several Free Industrial Zones (Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Poti) where businesses engaged in manufacturing, processing, or export activities can operate with 0% corporate tax, 0% VAT, and 0% property tax. These are primarily for larger operations but are worth noting for entrepreneurs with physical product businesses.

Tax Treaties

Georgia has double taxation agreements with over 55 countries, including the US, UK, Germany, France, and most EU states. This prevents double taxation on the same income and provides clarity on tax residency. Georgia considers you a tax resident if you spend 183+ days in the country within a 12-month period.

Culture and Integration

Georgian culture is deep, distinctive, and occasionally bewildering to Western newcomers. The country sits at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, and its culture reflects both influences while being entirely its own thing. Understanding the basics will dramatically improve your experience.

Language

Georgian (Kartuli) is a unique language unrelated to any major language family. It has its own alphabet — Mkhedruli — which has 33 characters that look nothing like Latin, Cyrillic, Arabic, or any other script you have seen. Learning to read it takes a few days of dedicated practice (it is phonetic, so once you know the letters, you can sound out words). Speaking it fluently takes years.

English proficiency is moderate in Tbilisi and low outside the capital. Younger Georgians (under 35) in Tbilisi generally speak some English, especially in the service industry and tech sector. Older Georgians often speak Russian as a second language instead. Learning basic Georgian phrases (gamarjoba = hello, madloba = thank you, gagimarjos = cheers) goes a very long way with locals, who deeply appreciate the effort.

Hospitality (Stumartmaspindzloba)

Georgian hospitality is legendary — it is not a cliché, it is a cultural pillar. The Georgian word for hospitality, stumartmaspindzloba, literally means “the art of being a guest and a host.” If a Georgian invites you to their home, expect to be fed until you physically cannot eat anymore, given wine until you beg for water, and treated like family. Refusing food or drink can be seen as impolite — accept graciously and pace yourself.

The Supra

The supra is the cornerstone of Georgian social life. It is a traditional feast led by a tamada (toastmaster) who guides the evening through a series of elaborate toasts — to family, to the motherland, to those who have passed, to women, to peace, to the future. Each toast is followed by drinking wine (traditionally from a ram’s horn or ceramic bowl). A proper supra can last 4–6 hours and involve 15–20 toasts. It is one of the most unique social rituals you will experience anywhere in the world.

Religion

Georgia is one of the oldest Christian nations on Earth, having adopted Christianity as a state religion in 337 AD. The Georgian Orthodox Church is deeply influential in society and culture. Churches and monasteries are everywhere — many dating back 1,000+ years. The Church plays a significant social role, and major holidays (Christmas on January 7, Easter) are deeply celebrated. While Georgia is generally tolerant of foreigners and other religions, the Orthodox Church’s conservative influence affects public discourse on issues like LGBTQ+ rights.

Georgian Polyphonic Singing

Georgian polyphonic singing is a UNESCO-recognized intangible cultural heritage. The multi-part vocal harmonies are unlike anything else in the world — complex, haunting, and deeply moving. You will hear it at supras, in churches, at concerts, and sometimes spontaneously in restaurants. If you get the chance to attend a live performance, do not miss it. The Anchiskhati Ensemble and Rustavi Choir are among the most celebrated groups.

Food and Wine

Georgian food is one of the great undiscovered cuisines of the world. It is not an exaggeration to say that food is a primary reason many people stay longer than planned. The cuisine is hearty, flavorful, and endlessly varied — and remarkably affordable.

Essential Dishes

• Khachapuri: The national dish — bread filled with cheese. The Adjarian version (from Batumi) is boat-shaped and topped with a raw egg and butter. Imeruli khachapuri is the classic round version. Megruli adds cheese on top. Available everywhere for $2–$5.
• Khinkali: Georgian soup dumplings, traditionally filled with spiced meat (beef and pork), though mushroom, cheese, and potato versions exist. You eat them by holding the top knob, biting a hole, sipping the broth, then eating the dumpling. The knob is traditionally left on the plate (eating it is considered poor form). Five khinkali cost about $2–$3.
• Lobio: Stewed kidney beans with herbs, served in a clay pot with cornbread (mchadi). Comfort food at its finest.
• Pkhali: Walnut paste mixed with spinach, beets, or other vegetables, shaped into balls. A healthy and delicious appetizer.
• Mtsvadi: Georgian barbecue — skewered pork, beef, or chicken grilled over grapevine coals. Often served with tkemali (sour plum sauce) and raw onions.
• Churchkhela: A traditional candy made by dipping strings of walnuts or hazelnuts into thickened grape juice and drying them. Often called “Georgian Snickers.” Available at every market for $1–$2.
• Chacha: Georgian grape brandy, often homemade. It ranges from rocket fuel (40%+ alcohol, made in someone’s backyard) to refined, aged spirits from proper distilleries. Proceed with caution.

Wine

Georgia has a legitimate claim to being the birthplace of wine. Archaeological evidence of winemaking in the country dates back to approximately 6000 BC — roughly 8,000 years. The traditional method involves fermenting grape juice in qvevri — large clay vessels buried in the ground — a technique that is now UNESCO-listed and has inspired the global natural wine movement.

Georgia has over 500 indigenous grape varieties, though a handful dominate: Saperavi (a deep red, the most famous), Rkatsiteli (a white, often made as amber/orange wine), Mtsvane, and Kisi. Georgian amber wine — white wine made with extended skin contact in qvevri — is the country’s most distinctive contribution to global wine culture.

Wine is deeply woven into Georgian identity. Every family meal involves wine. Many families make their own wine in their cellars or countryside homes. The Kakheti region (2 hours east of Tbilisi) is the wine heartland, with hundreds of wineries ranging from large commercial operations to tiny family-run cellars that sell bottles for $3–$5. A wine tour of Kakheti — visiting Sighnaghi, Telavi, and the surrounding vineyards — is an essential Georgian experience.

Climate

Georgia’s climate varies dramatically depending on where you are, thanks to the dramatic topography. The Greater Caucasus mountains in the north and the Lesser Caucasus in the south create distinct climate zones within a surprisingly small country (roughly the size of South Carolina).

• Tbilisi: Continental climate. Summers are hot (35–40°C / 95–104°F in July–August), often uncomfortable without air conditioning. Winters are cool to cold (0–5°C / 32–41°F in January), with occasional snow but generally mild by Northern European standards. Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) are the best seasons — pleasant temperatures, clear skies, and the city at its most beautiful.
• Batumi: Subtropical, humid climate. Warmer winters than Tbilisi (8–12°C / 46–54°F), mild summers (25–30°C / 77–86°F). However, Batumi receives enormous rainfall — 2,500+ mm annually — making it one of the wettest cities in Europe. Rain is particularly heavy from October to March.
• Kakheti (wine region): Dry, continental. Hotter summers than Tbilisi, cold winters. This is wine country, and the climate is similar to parts of Central Italy.
• Mountains (Svaneti, Kazbegi): Alpine climate. Heavy snowfall, temperatures well below freezing in winter. Skiing season runs from December to April. Gudauri is the main ski resort, about 2 hours north of Tbilisi.

Getting Around

Georgia is a small country (about 500 km from east to west), and getting around is cheap and relatively easy, though infrastructure varies.

Within Tbilisi

• Metro: Two lines covering the main north-south and east-west corridors. Runs from 6 AM to midnight. Fare: 0.50 GEL ($0.20). Stations are deep, Soviet-era (some beautifully decorated), and reliable.
• Buses: Extensive network. Use a MetroMoney card (available at metro stations for $0.80) for seamless payment. Fare: 0.50 GEL.
• Marshrutkas: Yellow minibuses that fill gaps in the bus network. Faster but more chaotic. Same fare as buses.
• Bolt/Yandex Go: Ride-hailing apps are the default for most trips. A typical 15-minute ride costs $2–$4. Much cheaper than Western equivalents.
• Cable car: Tbilisi has a cable car from Rike Park to Narikala Fortress (included in metro card fare). There is also a funicular up to Mtatsminda Park with panoramic city views.

Between Cities

• Marshrutkas: The backbone of intercity transport. Depart from Tbilisi’s main stations (Didube for northern/western destinations, Ortachala for southern/eastern). Tbilisi to Batumi: $8–$12, about 5–6 hours. Tbilisi to Kutaisi: $5–$7, about 3–4 hours.
• Georgian Railway: The overnight train from Tbilisi to Batumi (departs ~10 PM, arrives ~6 AM) is a classic experience. First class: $12–$18. Second class: $6–$10. The daytime express takes about 5 hours.
• Domestic flights: Georgian Airways operates Tbilisi–Batumi flights (about 40 minutes, $30–$50 one-way). Useful if you want to avoid the long road trip.
• Car rental: Available from $25–$40/day. Roads are generally decent on main highways but deteriorate significantly in rural and mountain areas. Georgian driving style is … assertive. An international driving permit is recommended.

International Connections

Tbilisi International Airport (TBS) has direct flights to most major European cities, Istanbul, Dubai, and several Central Asian capitals. Budget carriers (Wizz Air, FlyArabia) offer cheap flights to Europe. Kutaisi Airport (KUT) is a Wizz Air hub with very cheap flights to European destinations — many expats use Kutaisi as their primary international gateway.

For overland travel, you can cross into Armenia (from Tbilisi in about 3 hours to Yerevan), Azerbaijan (from Tbilisi to Baku, about 10 hours by train), and Turkey (from Batumi to Trabzon, or through the Sarp border crossing).

Banking and Money

The Georgian Lari (GEL) is the national currency. As of early 2026, 1 USD ≈ 2.7 GEL. The currency has been relatively stable in recent years, though it did experience volatility during COVID and after the 2022 Russian influx.

Opening a Bank Account

Opening a bank account in Georgia is remarkably easy as a foreigner. The two major banks are:

• Bank of Georgia: The largest bank in the country. Modern app, English-language support, international transfer capability. Account opening requires only a passport and takes about 30 minutes at a branch.
• TBC Bank: The other major bank. Excellent mobile app, competitive exchange rates, easy international transfers. Same requirements as Bank of Georgia.

Both banks offer multi-currency accounts (GEL, USD, EUR, GBP), Visa and Mastercard debit cards, and online banking in English. International wire transfers work reliably. Many expats also use Wise (TransferWise) or Payoneer alongside their Georgian bank accounts for receiving international payments.

Crypto-Friendly Environment

Georgia is notably crypto-friendly. There is no capital gains tax on cryptocurrency for individuals, and the country was formerly a major Bitcoin mining hub (before China’s mining ban redirected some activity). Several crypto exchanges operate locally, and paying for goods with crypto is becoming more common in Tbilisi’s tech scene.

Practical Tips for Settling In

Finding an Apartment

• ss.ge: The main real estate listing site. Listings are in Georgian but Google Translate handles it well. Filter by district, price range, and number of rooms.
• Facebook groups: “Apartments for Rent in Tbilisi” and “Expats in Tbilisi” are active and English-language.
• Agents: Real estate agents charge the tenant one month’s rent as a commission (negotiate down to half). Direct rentals from landlords save this fee.
• Deposits: Typically one month’s rent. Leases are often flexible — monthly or 6-month terms are common.
• Pro tip: Always visit the apartment in person before signing. Check water pressure (a common issue in older buildings), heating system (gas heaters vs. central heating), and internet speed.

Phone and SIM

Buy a prepaid SIM card at the airport or any mobile operator shop. Magti, Geocell, and Beeline are the three carriers. A SIM card with 20–50 GB of data costs $5–$10/month. Registration requires a passport. Top-ups are available at every corner shop and through mobile apps.

Groceries and Shopping

• Supermarkets: Carrefour, Goodwill, Nikora, and Smart are the main chains. Prices are reasonable, and imported goods are available.
• Bazaars: The Dezerter Bazaar (near Station Square) is Tbilisi’s largest traditional market. Fresh produce, cheese, spices, churchkhela, and meat at the lowest prices. The experience alone is worth a visit.
• Delivery apps: Wolt and Glovo operate in Tbilisi, offering food and grocery delivery.

Gym and Fitness

Gym memberships in Tbilisi run $20–$50/month for good facilities. Stacks Fitness, Form Factory, and CrossFit Tbilisi are popular with expats. Yoga studios, boxing gyms, and martial arts dojos are available and affordable. Running along the Mtkvari River or in Vake Park is popular.

Challenges and Downsides

Georgia is not perfect, and any honest guide should cover the trade-offs. Here are the real challenges:

• Language barrier: Georgian is genuinely difficult, and outside Tbilisi, English proficiency drops significantly. Basic tasks like dealing with utility companies or government offices can require a translator.
• Driving: Georgian driving is aggressive by Western standards. Traffic accidents are a real concern, especially on intercity roads. Pedestrians do not always have the right of way in practice.
• Air quality: Tbilisi has air pollution issues, particularly in winter when gas heating and traffic create smog. This is improving but remains a concern for health-conscious expats.
• LGBTQ+ rights: While homosexuality is legal, public attitudes are conservative, influenced by the Orthodox Church. Open LGBTQ+ expression can attract negative attention, especially outside Tbilisi. Pride marches have been met with counter-protests.
• Stray dogs: Tbilisi has a large population of stray dogs. They are generally docile (the city has a spay-neuter-release program with ear tags), but some people find it unsettling.
• Winter weather: Tbilisi winters (December–February) are gray, cold, and can feel dreary. This is not a year-round sunshine destination.
• Russian influence: Georgia’s relationship with Russia is complex and tense. Twenty percent of Georgian territory is occupied. While this does not affect daily expat life, it contributes to geopolitical uncertainty.
• Limited international shopping: Amazon does not deliver directly to Georgia. Many international brands are absent. There are forwarding services (USA2Georgia), but shipping adds cost and delay.

Georgia vs. Other Popular Expat Destinations

How does Georgia compare to other destinations that attract similar expats? Here is a quick comparison.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I work remotely in Georgia on a tourist stamp?

Yes. Georgia’s visa-free entry does not restrict your activities — there is no distinction between tourist and business purposes. You are free to work remotely for foreign clients. If you want to formalize your tax status and take advantage of the 1% IE rate, you can register as an Individual Entrepreneur at any Public Service Hall. Many expats live and work in Georgia for years on consecutive visa-free entries.

Is Georgia safe for solo female travelers and expats?

Yes, Georgia is generally safe for solo women. Tbilisi is considered one of the safer capitals in the region, and violent crime against foreigners is extremely rare. Georgian culture places strong emphasis on hospitality and protecting guests. That said, conservative attitudes exist in rural areas, and unwanted attention (catcalling) can occur, though it is less common than in many Mediterranean or Middle Eastern countries. Normal urban awareness applies.

Do I need to speak Georgian to live in Tbilisi?

You can get by without Georgian in Tbilisi, especially in expat-heavy neighborhoods like Vake and Vera. Most restaurants have English menus, ride-hailing apps work in English, and the young service-industry workforce speaks some English. However, learning basic Georgian phrases dramatically improves your daily interactions and earns genuine warmth from locals. For anything involving bureaucracy (government offices, utility companies), having a Georgian-speaking friend or hiring a translator is very helpful.

What happens after my 1-year visa-free stay expires?

You must leave Georgia before the 365-day mark. Most expats do a “border run” — typically a day trip or weekend trip to Armenia (Yerevan is 3 hours from Tbilisi by car) or Turkey. Upon re-entering Georgia, you receive a fresh 365-day stamp. This practice is legal, common, and the border authorities are accustomed to it. Alternatively, if you want more permanent status, you can apply for a residence permit through employment, investment, or property ownership.

Is the 1% tax rate legitimate? Will it last?

Yes, the 1% Individual Entrepreneur tax is a real, established part of Georgian tax law, not a loophole or temporary promotion. It has been in place for years and is part of Georgia’s deliberate strategy to attract foreign entrepreneurs and remote workers. However, as Georgia moves toward EU alignment, there is speculation that the rate could be adjusted in the future (though no concrete proposals exist as of 2026). For now, it remains one of the most favorable tax environments in the world for small-service businesses.

How is the healthcare for emergencies?

Emergency care in Tbilisi is adequate. Private hospitals like MediClub Georgia, Aversi Clinic, and New Hospitals have modern equipment and English-speaking staff. An emergency room visit at a private hospital typically costs $30–$80 before treatment. Ambulance response times in Tbilisi are reasonable (15–25 minutes). For serious or complex conditions, many expats choose to travel to Istanbul (1.5-hour flight) or a European capital. Having international health insurance that covers medical evacuation is strongly recommended.

Is Georgia Right for You?

Georgia is ideal if you are a remote worker, freelancer, or entrepreneur who values financial freedom (the 1% tax and low cost of living), does not need year-round warm weather, and is comfortable with a still-developing infrastructure and a language barrier. It is particularly appealing if you appreciate food and wine culture, want visa simplicity over bureaucracy, and are looking for a base that is affordable enough to save significantly while still offering a high quality of life.

Georgia is less ideal if you need established Western amenities (Amazon delivery, international schooling options, major-brand shopping), require warm weather year-round, or are looking for a large, established English-speaking expat community. Families with school-age children will find fewer international school options than in places like Lisbon, Bangkok, or Dubai.

The country is at an inflection point. EU candidacy, growing international attention, and rapid modernization are all accelerating. Expats who establish themselves in Georgia now — whether through property purchases, business registration, or community ties — may find themselves well-positioned as the country continues its trajectory toward European integration.