Investment Programmes
Greece Golden Visa
Also known as: Greek Golden Visa, Greece Investment Residence Permit
Greece's Golden Visa was launched in 2013 (Law 4146/2013, art. 36A) and dramatically expanded its appeal between 2018 and 2023 as Portugal's programme tightened and Spain's headed toward closure. The 2024 reform (Law 5100/2024) substantially raised thresholds, splitting the country into three pricing zones reflecting the housing-affordability impact:
• Zone A — €800,000 minimum: Attica region (including Athens), Thessaloniki, Mykonos, Santorini, and Greek islands with population above 3,100.
• Zone B — €400,000: rest of Greece (most of the mainland and smaller islands).
• Properties under rehabilitation / conversion — €250,000 regardless of zone, on condition the property is being converted or substantially renovated under specific permits.
Programme features:
• No physical presence required — the holder can spend 0 days in Greece while maintaining residency. The lowest physical-presence requirement among European RBIs.
• Family inclusion — spouse, children under 21, and parents of both spouses (the parental inclusion is unusually broad and a key differentiator).
• 5-year renewable permit, with full Schengen travel rights.
• No income-tax requirement — the residence permit does not trigger Greek tax residency unless the holder spends 183+ days in Greece per year.
• Path to permanent residence at year 5; Greek citizenship typically requires 7+ years of residence + Greek-language proficiency + civics test (the Naturalisation Law's standard requirements).
Process:
1. Sign property purchase agreement with a Greek lawyer; pay 10% deposit.
2. Open a Greek bank account; obtain a Greek tax number (AFM).
3. Complete property purchase via Greek notary.
4. File Golden Visa application with the local immigration office (typically through a Greek immigration lawyer).
5. Biometrics appointment.
6. Permit issued — typical timeline 3-6 months from application filing.
The 2024 threshold increase was driven by the same housing-affordability concerns that closed Portugal's property route. Greek authorities resisted full closure because the programme accounts for billions of euros in foreign capital flow into the housing and construction sectors. The Zone A increase to €800,000 is intended to redirect investment toward less-developed areas while preserving the programme's revenue.
Sources
Last factual review: 2026-05-08.
Related terms
Golden Visa
A Golden Visa is residency-by-investment: non-EU/non-domestic applicants gain residence rights by investing in qualifying assets (property, funds, government bonds, or job-creating business) above a country-set threshold. Programmes vary widely in cost, physical-presence requirements, and whether they lead to citizenship. Portugal closed its real-estate route in October 2023; Spain ended its programme entirely in April 2025; Greece, Malta, and the Caribbean states remain open with different conditions.
Portugal Golden Visa
Portugal's Golden Visa (Autorização de Residência para Investimento, ARI) provides residency-by-investment to non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals. The real-estate route closed in October 2023 (Lei 56/2023). Active routes in 2026: investment in venture-capital or private-equity funds (€500,000 minimum), R&D investment (€500,000), cultural-heritage support (€250,000), or business creation/maintenance (10+ jobs). Path to permanent residence at year 5 and Portuguese citizenship at year 5-7.
Permanent Residence (PR)
Permanent Residence is the immigration status that entitles a non-citizen to live in a country indefinitely without citizenship, with most resident rights including work, study, and access to social services. Acquired through years of continuous legal residence (typically 5 years in the EU, 5 in the US for most green-card categories, 4-5 in Australia/Canada/NZ). Often a stepping stone to citizenship after additional residence years.
Schengen Area
The Schengen Area is a passport-free travel zone of 29 European countries (27 EU + Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Liechtenstein), where internal border checks are abolished. Non-EU short-stay visitors can spend up to 90 days within any rolling 180-day period across the entire area. Romania and Bulgaria fully joined for land borders on 1 January 2025, completing the area's expansion.
Deeper guides
Greece Golden Visa 2026: Requirements, Cost & Application Guide
Greece's golden visa in 2026 — three-tier pricing (€250K commercial-to-residential conversions; €400K standard regions; €800K Athens, Thessaloniki, Mykonos, Santorini, islands over 3,100 people), short-term rental ban with €50K fine, 2–6 month processing, and 7-year path to citizenship with B1 Greek.
European Tax & Visa Reform Landscape 2026: Complete Comparison
Nine major 2024-2026 European reforms mapped: UK Non-Dom → FIG, Portugal NHR → IFICI, Spain Golden Visa terminated + Beckham capped at €600K, Italy flat tax doubled to €200K, Greece Golden Visa tripled to €800K, Netherlands 30% ruling phased down, Germany Chancenkarte launched, UK HPI expanded to ~80 universities. Master comparison tables for tax regimes and skilled-worker visas. Decision matrix for your situation. Timeline of closing windows.
Malta Permanent Residence Programme (MPRP) 2026: Post-2025 Reform Complete Guide
Malta's Permanent Residence Programme in 2026 after Legal Notice 146 of 2025 — unified €37K government contribution, €60K main-applicant admin fee, spouse and minor children now free, adult dependants reduced to €7.5K each, €375K property purchase or €14K rent. Remittance-based taxation, day-one EU permanent residency, 8-14 month processing. Full comparison with Portugal and Greece.
Hungary Golden Visa for Chinese Applicants (2026): The Cheapest EU Entry Left
Hungary relaunched the Golden Visa on July 1, 2024. After Spain (closed April 2025), Portugal (real estate removed 2023), Greece (€800K threshold September 2024), and Ireland (closed 2023), Hungary is the cheapest EU Golden Visa left — €250K approved fund subscription, 10-year renewable residency, Schengen mobility, 15% flat tax, no physical presence required to maintain the visa. This guide covers the fund mechanics, Chinese-specific capital-movement sequencing, tax structure, and citizenship path.
Hungary Golden Visa 2026: Europe's Cheapest Residency-by-Investment (€250K)
Hungary's Guest Investor Visa Programme in 2026 has two active routes after the 15 January 2025 reform: €250K into an MNB-approved real estate fund (min 40% Hungarian residential exposure) or €1M higher-education donation. 4-8 week processing, 15% flat tax, 9% corporate tax, Schengen access, 10-year permit. Full comparison vs Portugal and Greece.
Spain's Golden Visa Is Dead: 7 Alternatives for Residency-by-Investment in 2026
Spain ended its golden visa in April 2025. Seven alternatives remain: Greece (€400K real estate), Portugal (€500K funds), Hungary (€250K cheapest in EU), Malta, Italy, Latvia, and UAE. Full comparison with investment minimums, processing times, tax implications, and path to citizenship.