Golden Visa ROI Calculator 2026
Most golden-visa marketing pages hide the economics. This calculator shows the year-by-year compound growth of your qualifying investment, subtracts management fees, and projects both gross and net returns across a 3–15 year hold period. Covers every capital-recoverable route in our 30-programme registry — not just Portugal funds.
Quick answer
Key facts
- Every capital-recoverable route Portugal funds · Hungary fund · Greek property · Italian bonds · Latvian deposits · Maltese MPRP — full coverage.
- 3–15 year hold horizons most programmes need 5y minimum hold; the calculator shows opportunity cost across that window.
- Fees subtracted Portugal fund management fees (0.5–1.5%) and performance fees subtracted explicitly — most pitch decks hide them.
- Non-yielding routes flagged government-bond and donation routes show pure drawdown · the tool surfaces what each visa actually costs after capital is recoverable.
- Sources AIMA (Portugal) · MNB (Hungary) · Greek Ministry of Migration · CMVM-licensed fund literature · WhereNext Golden Visa Index 2026.
Golden visa investment ladder — 12 programmes ranked
From €0 to €215K minimum investment. Green bars include Schengen access AND an EU citizenship pathway; amber bars have one of the two; grey bars have neither.
Verified · WhereNext Golden Visa Index
- Australia NIV€0 (~$0)
- Mauritius Residence€43K (~$50K)
- Latvia Golden Visa€60K (~$70K)
- Nauru CBI€77K (~$89K)
- São Tomé CBI€77K (~$89K)
- Malta MPRP€99K (~$115K)
- Vanuatu CBI€112K (~$130K)
- Dominica CBI€172K (~$199K)
- Antigua CBI€198K (~$229K)
- Grenada CBI€202K (~$234K)
- St Lucia CBI€207K (~$240K)
- St Kitts CBI€215K (~$249K)
USD equivalents use the ECB reference for 2026-09-01: USD 1.159 per EUR; approximate, not a transaction rate.
| # | Programme | Min. investment | Pathway | Schengen | Cit. yrs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇦🇺 Australia NIV | €0 (~$0) | Residency only | No | 4 yr |
| 2 | 🇲🇺 Mauritius Residence | €43K (~$50K) | Residency only | No | 7 yr |
| 3 | 🇱🇻 Latvia Golden Visa | €60K (~$70K) | EU citizenship | Yes | 10 yr |
| 4 | 🇳🇷 Nauru CBI | €77K (~$89K) | Residency only | No | — |
| 5 | 🇸🇹 São Tomé CBI | €77K (~$89K) | Residency only | No | — |
| 6 | 🇲🇹 Malta MPRP | €99K (~$115K) | Residency only | Yes | 5 yr |
| 7 | 🇻🇺 Vanuatu CBI | €112K (~$130K) | Residency only | No | — |
| 8 | 🇩🇲 Dominica CBI | €172K (~$199K) | Residency only | No | — |
| 9 | 🇦🇬 Antigua CBI | €198K (~$229K) | Residency only | Yes | — |
| 10 | 🇬🇩 Grenada CBI | €202K (~$234K) | Residency only | Yes | — |
| 11 | 🇱🇨 St Lucia CBI | €207K (~$240K) | Residency only | Yes | — |
| 12 | 🇰🇳 St Kitts CBI | €215K (~$249K) | Residency only | Yes | — |
What yield should I expect on a Portugal €500K golden-visa fund?
Published post-2024 net returns on CMVM-licensed Portuguese investment funds eligible for the Golden Visa have ranged from negative territory to approximately 8% annualised. The most common well-established managers target 3–6% net annual return. Private equity and growth funds aim higher but with more variable outcomes. Donation routes (the €200K cultural donation, Caribbean CBI contributions) return 0% by definition — they’re non-refundable donations, not investments.
Why does the calculator separate gross yield from management fees?
Fund prospectuses typically advertise gross or target-return figures; investor marketing rarely foregrounds the 1.5–3% annual management fee. A fund quoted at 5% gross with a 2% management fee returns 3% net to the unit-holder — over a 7-year hold, that’s the difference between €208K and €115K in compound growth on a €500K investment. Always model both.
Does this calculator account for currency risk?
No — it assumes EUR-denominated returns. For UAE (AED), USA (USD), UK, and Turkey programmes, currency fluctuation against your home currency can be material. Swiss-lump-sum programmes in CHF have historically appreciated against most non-CHF home currencies (a tailwind). Turkish Lira-based programmes have historically depreciated sharply (a headwind). Add at minimum ±10% to your projected net for currency tolerance when comparing across currencies.
Which programme’s fund route offers the best risk-adjusted return?
There is no objectively “best” programme — it depends on your yield expectations and risk tolerance. Portugal fund route (€500K) and Hungary fund route (€250K) both offer multi-year-track-record managers in the 3–6% net range. Italian bond route (€2M) offers capital-preservation with ~3.5% yield. Greek real-estate route offers tangible asset exposure with 4–7% gross rental yield (before the 2025 STR ban narrowed income). Model each in the calculator with your own assumptions.